Globally, rail transport is widely recognised as an efficient and cost-effective mode for moving bulk cargo and passengers over long distances. However, in Zambia, the railway sub-sector has faced persistent challenges including aging infrastructure, limited investment, outdated technology, inadequate rolling stock, and institutional constraints, resulting in underperformance relative to its potential.

The Government of the Republic of Zambia has expressed its aspiration for a considerable modal shift towards railways in order to enhance freight efficiency, reduce logistics costs, improve regional connectivity, and strengthen economic competitiveness. To achieve this, there is need for a comprehensive National Rail Transport Strategy that will provide long-term direction for the development of the sector.